01/15/2006, Remarks by Bernhard Klein: "The Yakovlev Yak-141 (formerly Yak-41) V/STOL was intended originally to replace Yak-38 for air defence of Kiev class carriers/cruisers, with secondary attack capabilities. The project began in 1975, but was delayed by financial constraints as well as the protracted development of the engine, which meant the prototype did not fly until March 1989. Four prototypes were built, two continuing in flight testing until 1995. The aircraft was not put into production."